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UNiTsD STATES ATENT pFlQE@ FREDERIC O. JERRAM, OF LlVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

SEWING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 602,988, dated April26, 1898.

Application filed April '7, 1893. Serial No. 469,490. (No model.)Patented in England February 24,1893,No. 4,149.

To aZ whom zit may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERIC OLDERsHAw J ERRAM, a subject of the Queenof Great Britain, residing at Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster,England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSewing-vlachines, (for which l have received Letters Patent in GreatBritain, No. 4,149, dated February 24, i893,) of which the following isa speciilcation.

This invention relates to improvements in sewing-machines, the object ofthese improvements being to provide a sewing-machine in which two ormore parallel rows of stitches may be sewed at the same time and at anysuitable distance apart; also, to enable the needle bar or bars to bethrown in or out of gear to facilitate turning corners or to enable themachine to be employed as a single-needle machine.

The invention will be best understood from the following description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l isa front elevation, partly in section, of a sewing-machine constructed inaccordance with my invention, parts being partially broken away to showthe mechanism more clearly; Fig. 2, an inverted plan of the machine;Fig. 2a, a side view illustrating the feed mechanism; Fig. 3, across-section through the head; Fig. et, an enlarged view of part of oneof the needle-bars; Figs. 5 to ll, inclusive, views of parts of themachine detached from the residue; and Figs. 12 and 13, side elevationsshowing how several needle-bars may be applied for sewing parallel rowsof stitches.

In order that the invention may be fully understood, representations ofthe principal parts of a sewing-machine are shown on the drawingsaforesaid.

The general form of the machine which I have depicted to enable me todescribe my invention does not diiier materially' from that of manyshuttle-machines in common use, and it will be readily understood thatmyimprovements may be applied to various other types of machines workingon the shuttle or rotating-hook principle.

Referring to Figs. l to 1l, inclusive, of the drawings, A is thebed-plate; B, a strong arm to support the needle-bars C C above thecloth-plate D; E, a driving-shaft extending through the needle-arm B todrive the needlebars, and F the head of the needle-arm. Motion isimparted to the needle-bars C C from the driving-shaft E through theintervention of a crank-pin G and connecting-rod g, also the cross-heador link H, to which one end of the connecting-rod is coupled. Theneedlebar C is arranged to work up and down in one uniform position likea single-needle machine, but the other, C', is arranged in such a manneras to be adjustable as regards its' distance from the fixed needle-barand to sew a line of stitches at any required distance within certainlimits from the line of stitches sewed by the needle-bar C. This isaccomplished by providing a suitably-shaped sleeve or guide l, Figs. l,3, and 9, in which the movable needle-bar C can move up and downvertically. The sleeve is so mounted within the head F that it can bemoved transversely toward or away from the fixed needle-bar C in orderto adjust the distance between the parallel rows of stitches, at thesame time retaining the needle-bar truly vertical and parallel to theother needle-bar. The sleeve lis mounted on and secured at right anglesto the end of a non-rotatable rod J, which is capable of slidinghorizontally in suitable bearings in the arm B.

K is a (non-sliding) rotary spindle, the end of which is screwed intothe end of the rod J, and L is a vertical rotary spindle gearing withthe horizontal spindle K by means of bevel-wheels. By rotating L bymeans of a hand-wheel or keys placed on the square shank Z a slidingmotion is imparted to the rod J, and thus the sleeve I, with itsneedlebar C', is moved toward or away from the fixed needle-bar C, asmay be required. The cross-head H aforesaid, which is shown in plan inFigs. 6 and l0 (and also in Fig. 7, hereinafter described) and in otherpositions in Figs. l, 3, and 4f, is adapted to slide up and down by themotion of the crank-pin G and connecting-rod g and is guided by theguidebar H.

h is the shank to which the connecting-rod is coupled; h', the hole forreceiving the guidebar H', 71,2 and 7a3, the holes for receiving theneedle-bars G C.

lt will be noticed that the slide in which the hole h3 is formed ismounted on the crosshead I-I in such a manner as to be adjustable asregards its distance from the hole h2 without interfering with the meansfor driving the cross-head and needle-bars up and down. The needle-barsare each made with slots o c', running perpendicularly their entirelength, or nearly their entire length, these two slots being adapted toreceive the projecting pins c5 in the holes h2 h3. Near the top of eachneedle-bar I form a small slot c, intersecting (and at right angles to)the longitudinal slots. The cross-slot in the needle-bar C' ris so madeas to engage, when required, the stationary pin c3 in the sleeve I, andthe cross-slot in the needle-bar C a stationary pin located in the head.Near the bottom ends of both needlebars I form similar cross-slots c4,but running in the opposite direction to those at the top.

Now it will be seen that by slightly revolving the needle-bars C 'or Cthe pins c5 in the crosshead engage the cross-slots in the needle-bars',and the needle-bars and cross-head are thus coupled together, so as tomove simultaneously up and down, being operated by the connecting-rod towhich the cross-head is connected. Vhen it is desired, however, to takeeither of the needle-bars C C out of gear, all that is necessary is todisconnect them from the cross-head by slightly rotating the needlebar,so as to disconnect the pins from the cross-slots c4. f For the purposeof facilitating this movement small levers M are employed at the top ofthe head, through which levers the needle-bars pass, and they are eachprovided with a pin, Fig. 8, which engages the slots in the needle-bars.By these levers M either needle-bar can be rotated in an arc offorty-tive degrees, by which means the needle-bars can be released fromthe pins c5 in the cross-head and simultaneously engaged by means of thestationary pins c3 falling into the slots c2. The result is that thecross-head slides up and down on the needle-bars without actuating thelatter, the pins c5 sliding idly in the groove c. Both needle-bars canbe thus released, or one needle-bar only may be liberated, while theother one is operated by the cross-head I'I.

The two shuttles are carried in races in any suitable manner. In theexample shown circular shuttle-races N N are constructed with internalperipheral grooves n n' to receive and guide the rims of the shuttles,and a segment of the front side of these shuttles is constructed to turnedgewise upon a hinge, so as to facilitate the insertion and removal ofthe spools. One of these races N is secured to the frame A and isimmovable. The other, N', is secured to a carrier O, adapted to slide inguides o in a direction at right angles `to the rows of stitches. Aconvenient way of imparting the requisite motion to the sliding carrieris to provide a horizontal rod P, the end of which is screwed into a nutp, fixed in the carrier O. By rotating this rod P the requisite motionis imparted to the car- T191.

The shuttle-race carrier O and the needlebar sleeve I are so arrangedthat they can be simultaneously moved in the same direction,` whereby'the position of the movable shuttle-race N relatively to the movableneedle-bar C can be adjusted to a nicety. This is accomplished bygearing the rotary rod P, operating the carrier O, with the rotaryspindle K, operating the needle-bar sleeve I by means of the verticalspindle L, hereinbefore described. By rotating this vertical spindle L,therefore, the horizontal spindles are both simultaneously rotated, andthe adjustable needle-bar C and shuttle-race N' are thus adjusted to anicety by means of the screwthreads in spindles K and P.

The needle-plate, Figs. l and ll, is made in two parts, one part R beingconveniently lined and the other part R being adjustable. The former hasin it the usual'throat r,through which the needle passes, and is fixedpermanen tly below the needle. The other part R is movablelongitudinally in the slot s of the needle-plate R in the same directionas that in which the movable needle-barC is adjustable and is providedwith a needle-throat fr, through which the needle may pass. The portionR of the needle-plate forms a part of the movable shuttle-race N', andit is adjustable with it and therefore always remains in the sameposition relatively to the adjustable needle-bar.

The feed-plate S, Figs. l and ll, is made to feed at the front,`baclgand sides, and for this purpose it is made open and theneedleplate R and yR' placed within it, a space r3 being left on bothsides of the plate R.

The shuttle-driver T, Figs. l, 2, and 3, is made to extend the fullwidth that the needle-bar C and shuttle-race N' are capable of beingadjusted. It is driven by the rockshaft U, which receives its rockingmotion in any suitable manner. The lifting motion for the feed S isgiven by this rocking shaft,

which has for this purpose a cam u upon it.

The cam operates the arm W on the shaft tu, and so gives a rockingmotion to the feed S. (See Fig. 2a.) The means employed for giving theto-and-fro motion to the feed S consist in connecting the shaft w withrock-shaft V by arms or in other suitable manner, and the vibration ofthese arms caused by the rocking motion of the shaft U produces thelongitudinal movement of the feed S. The two rock-shafts U and V supportthe shaft w and feed S between them. f

I have described one Way in which my invention may be carried into eect;but I wish it to be understood that it may be applied to almost any typeof sewing-m achine also, that a feather c, Figs. 7, 7, and 7b, may beapplied to the needle-carrying bars instead of the slot c, Fig. 6, thisfeather being merelya mechanical equivalent of the slot. In Figs.

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7, 7, and 7", II is the cross-head,v in which is formed a slot I-I2 forthe bar C to slide transversely, and C the other needle-bar. In theposition shown in Figs. 7 and 7b the cross-head H has engaged thefeathers, the latter being cut away at one part to enable this to bedone. The needle-carrying bars are therefore driven up and down by themotion of the cross-head. By rotating one or both of the needle-barsforty-five degrees the feathers c are released from engagement with thecross-head I-I, but are simultaneously engaged by the pin c3 in thesleeve I and the corresponding pin in the head, hereinbefore described,whereby the needle-carryin g bars are held stationary and the cross-headslides up and down by the motion of the crank-pin and connecting-rod.

It will be obvious that my invention is equally well adapted for sewingmore than two rows of stitches, if desired, by merely adding one or moreneedle-carrying bars and shuttle-races and adding to or duplicating thevarious other parts of my invention. Figs. l2 and13 show how this may bedone, C' being four needle-carrying bars, II the cross-head for drivingthe same, I" the sleeves, and .I sliding rods on which the said sleevesare mounted. Two of these sliding rods are in front of the arm B and twoare behind, and the eyes on the sleeves for receiving the rods arearranged to correspond. Each rod is connected with its shuttle-race in asimilar manner to that before described, so that as each needle-carrying-bar is adjusted it simultaneously adjusts its shuttle-race. Fig. 12shows the needle-bars arranged to sew rows of stitches near together'.Fig. 13 shows the needle-bars adjusted to sew rows ot stitches fartherapart. The various other parts of this four-needle machine aresubstantially duplicates of the two-needle machine hereinbeforedescribed and do not, therefore, need further detailed description.

I am aware that it is not new to provide a sewing-machine with twoheads, to mount within each of said heads a needle-bar, and to move oneof said heads and the contained needle relatively to the other or xedhead. I am also aware that it has been proposed to provide the mainneedle-bar with lateral supports upon which are mounted one or moreauxiliary needle-bars. My invention diers from these prior plans in thatall of the needle-bars are mounted within a single xed head and also inthat the needle-bars are independent ot' each other, capable of bein gconnected with or disconnected from the operating mechanism at will.

I declare that what I claim is- 1. VIn combination with a fixed head; amain needle-bar O and the horizontally-adjustable needle-bar C mountedin said head; a slidebar II'; a vertically-moving cross-head H mountedthereon with which needle-bar C is connected; a horiZcntally-slidingblock h5 for the lower end of the needle-bar G; and means for movingsaid block laterally upon the crosshead.

2. The com bination with the rotatable needie-bars C and C' providedwith longitudinal and cross slots as described; of the cross-head I-Iand means for imparting a reciprocating motion to said bars, saidcross-head being provided with pins to engage the slots in the bars;said means comprising a crank-pin and connecting-rod for impartingmotion to the cross-head; and means for rota-ting the needle-bars abouttheir axes, whereby one or more of the needle-bars may be positivelylocked to the cross-head, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the head and stationary pins thereon; of twoneedle-carrying bars C and C', the cross-head I-I, and means forreleasing the said bars from the crosshead, and engaging the same withthe stationary pins in the head, substantially as described.

4. In a sewingmachine, in combination with the fixed head and its pins;the needlebars C C having longitudinal slots c c formed with cut-awayportions as described,the crosshead II having feathers formed therein toenter the slots in the said bars, and means for rotating one or more ofthe needle-bars in an are of forty-five degrees, whereby they can bereleased from or engaged by the iiXed head and simultaneously engaged byor released from the cross -head, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

F. O. FERRARI Vitnesses:

A. E. JERRAM, G. C. DvMoND.

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